卧式香蕉秸秆粉碎还田机甩刀的设计与优化

甩刀是卧式香蕉秸秆粉碎还田机的重要工作部件,合理的结构和参数设计可改善整机的工作性能,减少机具振动,提高香蕉秸秆粉碎质量。通过应用Adams、Solidworks Simulation软件对刀辊进行模态仿真,对刀片的运动及受力进行理论分析,以确定刀片的最优的基本参数和排列方式。结果表明:刀片厚度为8mm、弯折角为1 3 0°时,刀片的变形量小,粉碎效果好;V字形排列方式能有效避免刀辊的共振,延长使用寿命。     

Generation and analysis of expressed sequence tag sequences from a soft‐seeded pomegranate cDNA library

The cultivation of soft‐seeded pomegranate is an important direction in pomegranate breeding. To comprehensively understand the molecular mechanisms involved in the formation of soft‐seeded pomegranate (Punica granatum. var. Hongmanaozi), we established an expressed sequence tag (EST) resource. Two thousand valid sequences were generated, from which 907 unigenes were obtained after initial assembly using the clustalx program. Among these unigenes, 51 showed no similarity to any protein in the public databases, 433 matched with proteins of unknown function, and 423 matched with proteins of known or putative functions. The 423 unigenes were further classified into 13 categories. Among these categories, protein synthesis, cell structure, protein destination and storage, secondary metabolism, signal transduction and transporters accounted for 8%, 8%, 4%, 7%, 6% and 17%, respectively. We also successfully developed 10 highly polymorphic expressed sequence tag‐simple sequence repeat (EST‐SSR) markers for pomegranate. The results provide a new tool for future activities in pomegranate breeding.     

两种不同包装材料对扒鸡产品品质的影响

为研究两种不同包装材料对扒鸡产品品质的影响，分别对扒鸡贮存不同时间的微生物指标、质量损失进行检测分析，并进行感官评价。结果表明，不同包装材质对高温灭菌后扒鸡的微生物指标影响不大；包装B的氧气及水蒸气透过量明显低于包装A，并且在保护扒鸡色泽和香气、延缓脂肪氧化方面明显优于包装A。因此，高阻隔包装材料能够提高扒鸡的产品品质，延长保质期。      

苹果属无融合生殖SERKs基因家族的克隆和表达分析

本研究利用同源克隆法以苹果属平邑甜茶和杂种后代叶片为试验材料,克隆得到4个SERK基因家族片段,并分析了SERKs家族基因在平邑甜茶和杂种后代不同器官和组织中的表达情况。研究结果表明:分离获得的4个SERK基因家族片段的氨基酸序列与模式植物拟南芥、烟草等植物的同源性均在84%以上,同时与其他物种的氨基酸序列进行Blast比对都具有较高的同源性;RT-PCR定量分析结果表明SERK1、SERK2、SERK3、SERK4基因主要在生殖器官中表达。因此,推测SERKs基因在平邑甜茶和杂种后代生殖发育过程中起着重要的调控作用。本研究结果为进一步揭示无融合生殖的发生机理奠定了基础。     

基于WSN的集中通风式分娩猪舍环境参数时空分布特性

为研究集中通风式分娩猪舍环境参数的时空分布特性,以云南省某规模化种猪场为试验对象,利用无线多源多点远程监测系统(Wireless Sensor Network, WSN),对地沟管道进风、中央排风式分娩母猪舍养殖环境开展了环境参数监测试验,并进行统计分析。试验结果表明,在试验期间内,分娩舍内不同时间段之间的温度(00:00-06:00、06:00-12:00、12:00-18:00以及18:00-00:00的平均温度分别为22.98、23.78、24.44和23.61℃)具有显著性差异(P0.05),相对湿度与温度随时间变化呈现负相关性,相对湿度的峰值点为82.31%,温度场分布均匀性比湿度场好,NH_3浓度分布均匀性比CO_2浓度差。NH3浓度在舍内能被有效的维持在低水平范围,各监测区域的浓度远小于指标值(20 mg/m~3),NH_3和CO_2会呈现出在边角积聚现象。温湿度指数较低,舍内平均温湿度指数(Temperature-humidity Index,THI)水平的峰值点为75.30,生猪出现热应激的概率较低。利用WSN系统,对集中通风式分娩舍环境参数进行多源多点远程监测,分析分娩舍环境参数时空分布特性,为分娩舍通风模式与环境调控策略优化设计提供参考。     

脉动燃烧技术及其在林业中的应用

脉动燃烧是指在一定声振条件下发生的一种周期性燃烧，其燃烧室内压力强度、气流速度、温度及热释放效率等参数随着时间呈周期性变化，是一种特殊的不稳定燃烧过程，具有燃烧效率高、燃料经济性好、运行环境友好等优点。研制基于脉动燃烧技术的林业作业装备对于提高林业生产效率、促进环保高效燃烧技术的发展具有重要意义。文中概述了脉动燃烧技术的工作原理、特点及发展现状，介绍了脉动燃烧技术在林业病虫害防治、木材干燥和土壤消毒中的应用，并在分析脉动燃烧技术的不足及其在林业作业应用中存在问题的基础上，提出脉动燃烧技术在林业作业应用中的发展方向。     

Identification and expression analysis of 11 MADS-box genes in peach (Prunus persica var. nectarina ‘Luxing’)

MADS-box genes play a central role in the development of flowers in plants. In this study, 11 PpMADSs were isolated from ‘Luxing’ peach, and the expression levels were detected in different tissues and fruit development. Eleven PpMADSs, designated as PpMADS13, 14, 18, 23, 24, 25, 32, 33, 34, 35, and 39 were isolated. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that PpMADS13, 14, and 18 belonged to SVP, AGL15, and MIKC* group respectively; PpMADS23, 24, 25, and 39 were in the Mα group; PpMADS32, 33, 34, and 35 belonged to the Mγ group. Predictions from subcellular localization showed that 10 PpMADS were located in the nucleus. RT-PCR revealed that PpMADS13 was expressed in stems, leaves, and during fruit development (70d); PpMADS14 was expressed in sepals, stamens, petals, and during flower development; PpMADS18 was expressed in roots, stems, leaves, sepals, ovaries, stamens, petals, and during flower and fruit development; all MADS-box genes (expect for PpMADS33) in the Mα and Mγ group were expressed in roots, stems, leaves, sepals, ovaries, stamens, petals, and during flower development; few genes were expressed during fruit development. These results indicated that PpMADS may play a crucial regulatory role in vegetative growth and development processes of flowers and fruits in peaches.     

毛白杨PtMADS1基因的反义表达

为明确毛白杨(Populus tomentosa)的MADS盒基因Pt MADS1的功能,本研究对Pt MADS1在毛白杨植株不同部位的表达进行了RT-PCR分析。本研究对毛白杨进行了Pt MADS1基因的反义转化,将35S::Pt MADS1反义转基因芽体接种于不同类型培养基上。结果表明Pt MADS1有可能参与了茎尖的形态发育,并能够影响植物营养器官的形态。因此本研究认为Pt MADS1对生长素的合成具有促进作用。     

PEG模拟干旱胁迫下3种鄂尔多斯常见植物萌发期抗旱性评价

以聚乙二醇溶液(PEG-6000)为渗透介质模拟干旱条件,在12个水势梯度下,研究了干旱胁迫对木地肤、狭叶锦鸡儿和白沙蒿3种植物种子萌发的影响。结果表明,随着PEG-6000浓度的增大,3种植物的发芽率均呈现出明显的下降趋势;而较低浓度的PEG溶液可以对种子萌发产生促进和"刺激"的效果,加快种子萌发的速度,刺激初生根的生长,从而对发芽指数和萌发抗旱指数产生一定的影响。利用隶属函数综合评价3种植物在种子萌发期间的抗旱性,结果为木地肤>白沙蒿>狭叶锦鸡儿。